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Friday, November 07, 2025

Fluoride Supplements Deliver Risks Without Benefits, Studies Show

ORALLY INGESTED UNAPPROVED SODIUM FLUORIDE DRUGS DELIVER RISKS WITHOUT BENEFITS

Prescribing orally ingestible unapproved sodium fluoride drugs to reduce tooth decay is based on a flawed concept - that artificial water fluoridation reduces cavities (evidence below). So, it makes sense that modern studies show fluoride drugs deliver risk of more dental fluorosis without benefit of less tooth decay. For example:

1)    In 2001, Robert Wood Johnson Foundation research revealed fluoride tablets and mouth rinses failed to reduce tooth decay. “The widely held assumption that caries in children could be reduced, if not eliminated, through school-based programs using fluoride tablets, fluoride mouth rinses, fluoride-containing toothpaste, and oral health education—an assumption encouraged by the National Institute of Dental Research National Caries Program—had not been adequately tested,” writes chapter author Paul Brodeur. “However, according to data compiled from the demonstration program, school-based weekly fluoride mouth rinsing and daily fluoride tablets were ‘not consistently effective in preventing clinically significant tooth decay beyond that already prevented by typical home and dental office care.’" 

2)    A 2001 National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Program panel for the Diagnosis and Management of Dental Caries Throughout life reported in a news release that "the panel was disappointed in the overall quality of the clinical data that it reviewed. According to the panel, far too many studies were small, poorly described, or otherwise methodologically flawed." ( Hundreds of studies evaluated fluoride use including several on fluoride supplements.) (Citations from January 1980 through December 2000 were used.) 

3)    In 2011, the Cochrane Oral Health Group reported that  fluoride supplements fail to reduce tooth decay in primary teeth, permanent teeth cavity-reduction is dubious and health risks are little studied. Further, "When fluoride supplements were compared with topical fluorides or with other preventive measures, there was no differential effect on permanent or deciduous teeth," write Cochrane researchers Ismail et al, The Cochrane research team reports, "We rated 10 trials as being at unclear risk of bias and one at high risk of bias, and therefore the trials provide weak evidence about the efficacy of fluoride supplements." The team "found limited information on the adverse effects associated with the use of fluoride supplements." 

4)    “No decrease in caries levels were found in children who had taken fluoride supplements daily from birth, but who discontinued around two years of age.” Thylstrup et al., 1979 and Fanning 3t al., 1975  (Presentation by Karen M. Yoder, PhD, Associate Professor and Director, Division of Community Dentistry, Indiana University School of Dentistry in 2003) 

5)    “No difference in caries was observed in the permanent dentition. The findings indicate in accordance with current theories that topical effects of fluoride rather than the systemic effects have prevented dental caries.” (Thylstrup et al. in “Enamel Changes and Dental Caries in 7-Year-Old Children Given Fluoride Tablets from Shortly after Birth,” Caries Research ) 

6)    Fluoride incorporated into developing teeth does NOT reduce tooth decay but does increase fluorosis, according to Authors of a 1999 textbook (revised 2005), by Burt and Eklund,  who admitted that the early fluoridation trials, which are the foundation for the entire US fluoridation program, “were rather crude…statistical analysis by today’s standards, were primitive; data from the control communities were largely neglected after the initial reports, with conclusions based on the much weaker before-after analyses.” 

7)    As conceded by a pro-fluoride researcher, “virtually none of the early fluoride supplement studies would be published today, because of methodological and other shortcomings.” (Riordan 1999). He writes: “Although the effectiveness of fluoride supplements was apparently endorsed by many small clinical studies, closer examination of the experimental conditions of these, their methods and the analysis of their results undermined confidence in their findings…More modern, well-conducted clinical trials of supplements suggest that today, in children also exposed to fluoride from other sources such as toothpaste, the marginal effect of fluoride supplements is very small… Supplement use by young children is associated with a substantial risk of dental fluorosis.” 

8)    “The case for eliminating the use of dietary fluoride supplements among young children,” Journal of public health Dentistry, BA Burt, September 1999 Burt lists 3 reasons why fluoride supplements are inappropriate today a) efficacy is weak b) risk of fluorosis c) fluoride has little preeruptive effect in caries prevention.

    “North American children today are exposed to fluoride from many sources–drinking water, toothpaste, gels, rinses, and in processed foods and beverages.The additional cariostatic benefits that accrue from using supplements are marginal at best, while there is strong risk of fluorosis when young children use supplements,” he writes. “It is therefore concluded that the risks of using supplements in infants and young children outweigh the benefits. Because alternative forms of fluoride for high-risk individuals exist, fluoride supplements should no longer be used for young children in North America,” writes Burt. 

9)   The use of dental floss, fluoride supplements or sugar snacking in addition to brushing twice daily, did not reduce the probability of having caries,” Oral health behaviours in 12-year-olds. Association with caries and characteristics of the children” Acta Odontol Scand Jan 2022 

10)  “There is also a scientific knowledge gap on the benefit and optimal use of these fluoride supplements in combination with daily tooth brushing with fluoride toothpaste,” based on a review of clinical trials published between 2003 and 2014  Caries Research,  Fluoride Rinses, Gels and Foams: An Update of Controlled Clinical Trials,” by Twetman et al. April 2016 

11)  In 2001,  the CDC’s MMWR report admitted “Fluoride works primarily after teeth have erupted…” CDC also admits that “The prevalence of dental caries in a population is not inversely related to the concentration of fluoride in enamel, and a higher concentration of enamel fluoride is not necessarily more efficacious in preventing dental caries.”  They also admit that the amount of fluoride emerging from saliva to bathe teeth topically with fluoride is too low to have any beneficial effect. Although the CDC is often cited as praising fluoridation as a great achievement of the last century, the CDC seems to divest itself of responsibility by saying “It is not CDC’s task to determine what levels of fluoride in water are safe.”

Science doesn’t support fluoride ingestion as a decay preventive.  Of added concern is that practitioners aren’t following their own guidelines to tally total fluoride intake from all sources before more is prescribed. It’s undisputed that too much fluoride damages bones, brains and children’s developing teeth. 

We know 70% of US kids are fluoride-overexposed, afflicted with dental fluorosis - some of it moderate/severe, according to “Associations of low level of fluoride exposure with dental fluorosis among U.S. children and adolescents, NHANES 2015–2016,” published in, Ecotoxicology and Environmental SafetySeptember 2021. Yet, tooth decay is epidemic, according to the American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry.   

We don’t know what fluoride has done to their brains and bones.

Prescribers fail to inform patients that fluoride is ubiquitous in foods, beverages, some medicines, absorbed from dental products and inhaled in air pollution.  In 1991 the US Department of Health and Human Services estimated that total fluoride exposure in fluoridated communities ranges from 1.6 to 6.6 mg/day.

A safe alternative is vitamin D which the American Dental Association once touted. Science proves vitamin D prevents tooth decay.  Vitamin D deficiency is still prevalent in the United States, especially in non-Hispanic black Americans, women, individuals aged 20–29, and during winter,” according to Frontiers in Nutrition

Sodium fluoride supplements must be removed from the market. No American is, or ever was, fluoride-deficient. Fluoride ingestion doesn’t reduce tooth decay.  

Early 1900’s dentists theorized that fluoride was a tooth-essential nutrient because Americans drinking natural calcium fluoridated water had fluoride-discolored teeth with less cavities.  Unfortunately, they neglected the calcium portion which IS an essential nutrient for teeth. 

This is the poorly-done research that gave rise to artificial fluoridation (using sodium fluoride or silicofluorides). Then, fluoridation gave rise to sodium fluoride supplements for children who didn’t live in fluoridated areas. So, it’s not surprising that fluoridation is proven ineffective at reducing tooth decay, too.

THE EMPEROR HAS NO CLOTHES

Fluoridation is like the fairy tale, "The Emperor's New Clothes” by Hans Christian Anderson, which told of a supreme ruler who walked the streets naked but yielded so much power, that no one dared tell him he forgot to dress himself.

Fluoridation acceptance was effected by PR and lobbying, not valid science, as was first exposed in the 1951 Proceedings: Fourth Annual Conference of State Dental Directors with the Public Health Service and the Children’s Bureau.  Dr. Frank Bull, Wisconsin’s Dental Director, taught those present how to sell artificial fluoridation to naysayers with little or no evidence of safety or effectiveness. The human experimental studies (Newburgh NY, Grand Rapids MI), planned to last 10-15 years had not even been completed yet. In fact, he bragged that he was proselytizing for fluoridation since 1944.

A few quotations from his talk:

Bull said, “When people say fluoride causes fluorosis, you say “fluorosis brings about the most beautiful looking teeth than anyone ever had.

This tactic was parroted in 2012 by CDC’s Oral Health Division Director who said  white flecks on teeth (mild fluorosis) makes teeth more attractive (at about 16 minutes in this video) One councilor was livid at this comment, he said  (at 23 minutes), if he found his daughter’s teeth were marred by a chemical introduced in the water supply, he would wonder what internal effects would be going on. Fluorosis is a symptom of something larger, he said.

More tactical advice from Bull: "Now, why should we do a pre-fluoridation survey? Is it to find out if fluoridation works? No. We have told the public it works, so we can’t go back on that.”

“If you can - - keep fluoridation from going to a referendum.”

 "The best technique is the reverse technique, not to refute the thing - but to show where the opposite is true. . .. When they say yes, you say no.”

“In regard to toxicity – I noticed that Dr. Bain used the term ‘adding sodium fluoride.’ We never do that. That is rat poison. You add fluorides.”

“You remind them [the press] how the press has been one of the greatest factors in the promotion of public health. You tell them how fluoridation helps the poor devil who can't afford proper dental care, and all that. You will have a pretty sympathetic press.”

“Don’t use the word "artificial," and don't use sodium fluoride… And certainly don't use the word "experimental."

Similar tactics are used today. Fluoridation has it’s own PR Guru, journalist Matt Jacob who held a free fluoride strategy session near my home. I was asked to leave but not before I received a copy of his slides which advised dental hygienists to promote fluoridation but not to discuss “Harms & Risks”  because “opponents are likely to win if the dialogue is trapped inside this message wheel [of Harms & Risks]”    This is one of his slides:

 

 

Edward Bernays, the father of propaganda, was employed to sell the idea of fluoridation to the American public, according to Christopher Bryson who interviewed Bernays for his book, The Fluoride Deception in the chapter entitled “Engineering Consent.”

Bryson writes: “’You can get practically any idea accepted,’ Bernays told me chuckling. ‘If doctors are in favor, the public is willing to accept it, because a doctor is an authority to most people, regardless of how much he knows, or doesn’t know.’”

In 1988, Chemical & Engineering News wrote an expose on fluoridation; a disturbing revelation was that voices of opposition and reason were ignored from the start.

Also ignored was Edward Groth III, Ph.D., who, after completing his PhD dissertation on public policy and fluoridation reported Fluoridation was adopted more by politicking than by science  His chapter is “The fluoridation controversy: which side is science on?” Groth wrote in 1991, “the political profluoridation stance has evolved into a dogmatic, authoritarian, essentially antiscientific posture, one that discourages open debate of scientific issues.”

Authors of a 1999 dental textbook (not the one revised in 2005), by Burt and Eklund, admitted that the early fluoridation trials, which are the foundation for the entire fluoridation program, “were rather crude…statistical analysis by today’s standards, were primitive; data from the control communities were largely neglected after the initial reports, with conclusions based on the much weaker before-after analyses.”

                                                   END

Friday, January 24, 2025

Fluoridation: An 80-Year-Old-Blunder

After 80 years of fluoridation reaching record numbers of Americans, 70 years of fluoridated toothpaste, a fluoride-saturated food supply, and a glut of new fluoride dental products and in higher concentrations, applied more often by various health professionals and dental students, fluoride overdose is epidemic while no money or teeth have been saved:

Bullet Points (References Below)

  Dental costs soar to $174 billion  

More dental schools created from 42 to 73

Hospital ER dental visits climbed to 144.8 million

60% of 5-year-olds have cavities

Half of 6–9-year-olds have cavities

57% of adolescent have cavities

70% of US children are fluoride overdosed (dental fluorosis)

Oral health disparities persist

Black youth have the most dental fluorosis and tooth decay

34 million school hours and 92 million work hours are lost yearly for emergency dental care

$46 billion in productivity is lost yearly due to untreated oral diseases.

11% of Nat'l Guard & Army Reserve soldiers are unready for deployment due to poor oral health  

Americans have died from the consequences of untreated tooth decay

Filters don’t remove fluoride

Fluoride is Ubiquitous; Fluoridation Unnecessary

Contrary to reports, when fluoridation ceases, tooth decay rates decline or stay the same


68.5 Million Lack Dental Insurance, More May Be Coming



Senator Bernie Sanders declared a dental health crisis in America in 2012 and 2024.

 
in 2017, "Despite significant financial, training, and program investments, US children’s caries experience and inequities continued to increase over the last 20 years." (American Journal of Public Health)

Three modern studies show fluoridation has little, if any, benefit. (LOTUS, CATFISH and Cochrane)

World Health Organization data shows fluoridation went down equally in fluoridated and non-fluoridated countries.



The truth is that Americans are fluoride-overdosed and "dentist-deficient."

Fluoridation is based on poor science which has been known for decades. For example:

News Release from the 2001 Consensus Development Conference on the Diagnosis and Management of Dental Caries Throughout Life, convened by the National Institutes of Health on March 26-28, 2001 in Bethesda, MD: "the panel was disappointed in the overall quality of the clinical data that it reviewed. According to the panel, far too many studies were small, poorly described, or otherwise methodologically flawed." (over 560 studies evaluated fluoride use).

Harvard Public Health Magazine reported in 2016 that "The [highly respected] Cochrane report also concluded that early scientific investigations on water fluoridation (most were conducted before 1975) were deeply flawed. “We had concerns about the methods used, or the reporting of the results, in … 97 percent of the studies,” the authors noted. 

Likewise, Dr. John Doull, toxicologist and chairman of the 2006 National Research Council's Fluoride Panel which reviewed fluoride toxicological studies told an investigative journalist writing for Scientific American:

     “What the committee found is that we’ve gone with the status quo regarding fluoride for many years—for too long, really—and now we need to take a fresh look. In the scientific community, people tend to think this is settled. I mean, when the U.S. surgeon general comes out and says this is one of the 10 greatest achievements of the 20th century, that’s a hard hurdle to get over. But when we looked at the studies that have been done, we found that many of these questions are unsettled and we have much less information than we should, considering how long this [fluoridation] has been going on. I think that’s why fluoridation is still being challenged so many years after it began. In the face of ignorance, controversy is rampant.”

Criticism persists today, i.e. Legal Scholar Rita Barnett-Rose; Historian Catherine Carstairs, Phd; Social Scientist Brian Martin PhD; investigative reporters in Scientific AmericanChemical & Engineering NewsNewsweek and ABC-TV
                                                                         ***

The American Dental Association successfully lobbied to have dental excluded from Medicare. Eighty percent of dentists refuse Medicaid and other gov't insurance preferring instead to treat the water of but not the teeth of low income folks.

The ADA thwarts any infringement on its lucrative monopoly even if Americans must suffer in dental pain. ("The Unexpected Power of Dentists,"  Washington Post 2017)

According to Senator Bernie Sanders "Today in America, nearly 70 million adults and nearly 8 million children have no dental insurance"

Those who are insured often can't afford out-of-pocket dental costs. Dental insurance purchased by individuals  doesn't reimburse the full cost of dental care.

Americans need dental care; not fluoride.

                                                The End


"The global dental high fluoride [higher concentrations compared to regular fluoride toothpaste] products market size was valued at USD 2.92 billion in 2023 and it is predicted to surpass around USD 4.47 billion by 2033 "North America dominated the market with the largest market share of 36% in 2023...due to escalating dental caries rates." visionresearchreports.com/dental-high-fl






Tuesday, January 14, 2025

Meta-analysis of 74 Studies Link Fluoride to Lower IQ & Renews Demands to End Fluoridation

Breaking: New Study Linking Fluoride to Lower IQ in Children Sparks Renewed Calls to End Water Fluoridation

A meta-analysis of 74 epidemiological studies examining the link between children’s IQ and fluoride exposure found that the more fluoride pregnant women and young children are exposed to, the greater the decrease in a child’s IQ. The study, published today in JAMA Pediatrics, was conducted by scientists from the NIH National Toxicology Program.

by Brenda Baletti, PhD, The Defender. This article was originally published by The Defender — Children’s Health Defense’s News & Views Website 

meta-analysis of 74 epidemiological studies examining the link between children’s IQ and fluoride exposure found that the more fluoride pregnant women and young children are exposed to, the greater the decrease in a child’s IQ.

The study, published today in JAMA Pediatrics, was conducted by scientists from the National Institutes of Health’s (NIH) National Toxicology Program (NTP).

The in-depth statistical meta-analysis is the largest and most rigorous ever conducted on fluoride, according to a commentary accompanying the study, and their findings highlight the need to “reassess systemic fluoride exposure, again.”

The researchers analyzed existing studies globally, assessed their quality and accounted for variables including age, sex, fluoride levels, types of cognitive tests used, methods for measuring fluoride exposure and study locations.

They found a significant inverse relationship between fluoride exposure and children’s IQ scores, which means as the amount of fluoride a pregnant woman or young child was exposed to increased, IQs decreased.

They also found that across high-quality studies, the effect was significant at both higher and lower fluoride levels.

The data were divided into subgroups with fluoride levels of less than 4 milligrams/liter (mg/L), less than 2 mg/L and less than 1.5 mg/L in drinking water and in urinary fluoride — which estimates a person’s total fluoride exposure.

For every 1 mg/L increase in urinary fluoride, the study found a 1.63-point decrease in IQ in children.

The results were more uncertain at lower levels because exposure contrasts were harder to identify, the researchers said.

The U.S. Public Health Service recommends communities add fluoride to their water to reduce the risk of cavities at levels of 0.7 mg/L — a number it lowered from a recommended 0.7-1.2 mg/L in 2015.

In the U.S., about 40-70% of a person’s fluoride intake comes from fluoridated drinking water.

However, fluoride levels in water alone likely underestimate a person’s total fluoride exposure, the study said. Total exposure varies by individual behavior, including how much water, coffee or tea a person drinks, processed food consumption, whether infants drink formula rather than breastmilk, or what kind of fluoridated products like toothpaste or mouthwash someone uses.

The JAMA meta-analysis is part of an investigation the NTP scientists began in 2015 into the link between fluoride exposure and lower IQ in children. The scientists published a monograph in August and today’s meta-analysis, both providing extensive data on fluoride’s neurotoxic effects on the developing brain.

NTP’s publications followed years of opposition by fluoride lobbying groups, including the American Dental Association (ADA) and public health officials, who tried to block its publication and pressure the authors to weaken and delay their findings.

The research underwent an unprecedented amount of peer review relative to all other research done by the NTP, which the former head of the NTP told The Defender was politically driven.

The results of the study “may inform future comprehensive public health risk-benefit assessments of fluoride,” the authors concluded.

The firestorm over water fluoridation

JAMA Pediatrics published the meta-analysis amid a firestorm over water fluoridation.

Public health officials and the dental lobby have for decades insisted that water fluoridation is an unquestionable public good — one of the 10 great public health achievements of the 20th century. Officials have often dismissed as conspiracy theorists citizens and even top scientists who question the practice.

However, scientific understanding of fluoride evolved over the years to reveal fluoride’s toxic effects — including on children’s cognitive development — that were unknown or ignored when public health agencies began recommending communities add it to their water supplies nearly 70 years ago.

Current recommendations for safe water fluoridation consider only the risks of dental fluorosis, a tooth discoloration caused by overexposure to fluoride in childhood that affects about 23% of the U.S. population. No recommendations or restrictions exist on water fluoridation based on its potential neurocognitive effects.

Yet in 2024 alone, in addition to the NTP’s monograph concluding that higher levels of fluoride exposure in drinking water are consistently linked to lower IQ in children, a study published in JAMA Network Open in May found that children born to women exposed during pregnancy to fluoridated drinking water in Los Angeles were more likely to have neurobehavioral problems.

In September 2024, a federal judge ruled that the scientific evidence, including the NTP’s research, shows that water fluoridation at current U.S. levels poses an “unreasonable risk” of reduced IQ in children and ordered the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to take regulatory action.

The ruling concluded a historic lawsuit, which dragged on for over seven years, against the agency. The suit was brought by environmental and consumer advocacy organizations and individual parents and children seeking to end fluoridation.

Less than two weeks after the September 2024 ruling, Cochrane published an updated review concluding that adding fluoride to drinking water provides minimal, if any, dental benefits, especially compared with 50 years ago.

Since then, many cities and towns across the U.S. have decided to end water fluoridation. Florida’s surgeon general advised governments to stop fluoridating their water, citing the neuropsychiatric risks — particularly for pregnant women and children.

Robert F. Kennedy Jr., president-elect Donald Trump’s nominee to lead the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) said on social media that Trump would push to end water fluoridation on his first day in office.

Kennedy’s comments triggered a wave of articles in the mainstream press defending the practice, albeit with some commenters conceding that conventional wisdom on fluoride needs to be revisited.

HHS houses the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), which makes recommendations about water fluoridation levels.

Two commentaries: the experts debate

Dr. Steven M. Levy, professor at the University of Iowa and member of the ADA’s National Fluoridation Advisory Committee, wrote a scathing response to today’s JAMA study, accusing the authors of selectively including research and doing analyses in a way that “raised substantial concerns about the validity and usefulness of the article.”

Levy criticized the authors for not discussing critiques made by reviewers or the changes made to earlier conclusions. Many of those critiques were driven in part by Levy and the ADA committee he serves on, through public and behind-the-scenes pressure revealed in documents plaintiffs obtained via Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) requests during the trial.

Levy cited a meta-analysis by Dr. Jayanth V. Kumar et al. nine times in his four-page response, using it as key evidence to discount the NTP’s findings. That analysis found no association between fluoride and lowered IQ at low fluoridation levels.

Kumar and Levy are colleagues on the ADA advisory committee. The study was co-authored with Dr. Susan Fisher-Owens, who receives funding from Colgate. The study intentionally omitted data that would counter the authors’ conclusions and intentionally sought to undermine the NTP’s report, according to emails obtained through public records requests.

“This commentary was an ADA hit job,” Michael Connett, the plaintiffs’ attorney in the fluoride trial, told The Defender. “I strongly suspect that Kumar was a ghost writer — one of the main authors — and Levy was the signatory, and that should have been disclosed.”

Connett’s FOIA requests uncovered the ADA’s lobbying influence.

By omitting Kumar’s name but citing his meta-analysis multiple times, Connett said, it appears that Levy is citing an independent expert. However, Levy and Kumar have been working together for years to try to undermine the NTP’s work, as court documents showed.

Levy concluded that despite “some evidence” of a “possible association” between IQ and high fluoride levels in water, current public health recommendations about fluoride, “should not be affected by the study findings.”

Dr. Bruce Lanphear, professor of Health Sciences at Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, Canada; Pamela Den Beston, DDS, Ph.D., professor of Orofacial Sciences at University of California San Francisco; and Christine Till, Ph.D., professor of clinical psychology at York University in Toronto, disagreed with Levy’s commentary.

The three, who have conducted major studies on fluoride’s toxicity, said the JAMA meta-analysis showed the need to reassess current fluoride recommendations.

Since water fluoridation began in the U.S. tooth decay has plummeted, they wrote. However, the same trend has occurred in countries that don’t fluoridate their water, possibly due to the use of fluoride toothpaste or strategies to reduce sugar intake — a strategy the U.S. has not pursued.

Research has since shown that fluoride’s ability to prevent cavities is based on topical application, not mineralization during tooth formation as previously thought.

The CDC and ADA regularly cite data showing fluoridated water reduced cavities by 25%. However, the authors said that data is based on low-quality studies mostly conducted before fluoridated toothpaste became widely available. They pointed to the updated Cochrane review, which found little to no benefit from water fluoridation.

In their own research, Lanphear et al. found levels of urinary fluoride higher than 1.5 mg/L among pregnant women in Canada who drank fluoridated water.

Advocates for water fluoridation argue the practice is necessary to protect low-income children who may not have regular access to dental care. However, they wrote, those children are at higher risk for exposure to other neurotoxicants like lead as well, therefore water fluoridation may pose an even greater risk to them.

Given that NTP’s analysis showed fluoride’s negative effects may be associated with cognitive function, they concluded, “It is time for health organizations and regulatory bodies to reassess the risks and benefits of fluoride, particularly for pregnant women and infants.”

The EPA has until the end of the month to file an appeal contesting the federal judge’s order that the agency make new rules regulating water fluoridation based on the risk it poses to children’s neurodevelopment.

“NTPs findings highlight the need for the EPA to move quickly in taking regulatory action to protect the public from the risk posed by fluoridation,” Connett said.

This article was originally published by The Defender — Children’s Health Defense’s News & Views Website under Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. Please consider subscribing to The Defender or donating to Children’s Health Defense.

This article was originally published by The Defender — to the original piece from The Defender website.